Turbine.



A. BOEGKBL, O. GRUNBERG, J. KORWIN-KRUKOVSKY & E. LUXEMBOURG.

TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED 1120.4, 190s.

945,742. Patented Jan 11,1910.

UNITED sTArEs PrENT oEEIoE.

ALEXANDER BOECKEL, OSKAR GRUNBERG, J' URI KORWIN-KRUKOVSKY, AND EDOUARD LUXEMBOURG, OF ST. PETERSBURG, RUSSIA.

TURBINE.

Patented Jan. 11, 1910. Serial No. 466,010.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, ALEXANDER BoEoKEL, )snan Gm'xnene, Jem KoRwIN-KRUKOV- sur, and Enorm-mn LUXEMBOURG, subjects of the Czar of Russia, residing at V. O. Kadetskaial Liniya QfSt. Petersburg, Russia, have invented certain new and useful Iml provements in Steam or Gas Turbines; and we do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the i11- vention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to'an axial impulse turbine with several velocity stages in which the steam or the gas passes successively through a number of rings of blades or buckets arranged concentrically around one another, the passage from one ring to the next. 'taking place through all the blades of a given ring simultaneously, and through a suitable guiding means or channel. ln such an arrangement the steam or gas leaving the one ring passes to the. whole periphery of. and simultanemisly through the blades of the next' ring so that the turbine does not act as a partial but asa t'ull working-turbine. Furthermore` the number ol' blades or buckets in all the rings is the saine so that said blades for all the rings can be produced lrom one piece. and all blades can also be secured suitably at the cireum'lerenee of the wheel.

Referring to the aeeompanying drawings forming a part et' this specification in which like letters refer to like parts in all the views, and in which one t'orm ofthe turbine with three velocity stages is illustrated l `igure I is a dia; n'anunatitI sectional view o't' a wheel showing the bladesand guiding means: Fig. 2 is an elevational view partly in section showing the arrangement ol'v 'the blades; Fig. Il is a diagrammatic and partly perspective view ot. a portion of the guiding means jl'or the steam or gas; Fig. 4 is a perspective view ot' three of the blades of the turbine made in one piece; Figs. 5 and 7 are detail sectional views of a portion of the wheel 'and guiding means, and` Fig. is a view showing how the blades are attached lo the. wheel.

The. steam or gas enters in the direction Fig. l. and passes through the ring of blades u, and after passing sinulltaneously through all of the blades of said ring, the

4of blades and :inserted in slots in the said steam flows into the conducting channel d. This channel is a. circular' groove which runs around the entire circumference of the rings of blades lettered a and b on one side of the wheel, Vand is intersect-ed by planes or pieces s, see particularly Figs.l 5, and 7, which planes form tangents to the curves of the blades so that the steam leaving the blades of the ring a does not alter its movement in a radial plane but only changes its direction in following the arrow 2, Fig. 1.

'In order that such a change in direction of the steam may actually take place, opposite the line of separation between the one ring the next, there is arranged a fiat annulus e which is secured to the rings f on the turbine wheel. The guiding assage g is similar to the passage (Z, and is a so provided with an annulus /L in exactly the same manner. 75

As the blades of one ring form in a radial direction a continuation of the blades of the next rin the distance between the individual blades becomes greater the greater the distance from the center of rotation.'8o And this distance between said blades is made to correspond exactly with the nat,- nral expansion of the fluid, and is governed according to the proximity of the blades to the outlet 3; and in consequence of the 85 resulting diminution of the velocity of the steam, the loss of power in the same is readily compensated for. It is evident that the circumferential velocity of each ring of blades, in other words, must correspond to the length of the radius of its mean periphery. In order thatthe volume of the steam or gas passing through any ring of blades, alld the size of the opening between the blades 9'5 may exactly correspond, the latter Ycan be d imensioned correctly by diminishing or increasing the height of the wheel inthe 'direction of its radius. l

Then the blades a, b and o of the wheel are made in one piece, as illustrated in F ig; 4, projections Z, m, n, and 0 are preferably provided between each ring of blades for the purpose of securing contiguous blades together, as illustrated in Fig. 6. By means of suitably shaped ends the blades may be hub of' the wheel, and then secured with the aid of a ring t entering the grooves p on the edges of said blades. The grooves g and r are provided 110 :A our l'hel pm. han 0i two WMM" a port adaptnermos mug;

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